What is Trauma?
A compassionate guide to your brain, body, nervous system, relationships — and the ways you learned to survive.
Compassionate, Evidence-Informed Education to Support Healing
About this resource
This guide was developed by Hope & Healing Integrative Mental Health Group using current research, established clinical guidance and an integrative trauma-informed, attachment-aware and nervous-system-aware lens. It is shaped by clinical knowledge and lived understanding of trauma, attachment and recovery.
It provides general education and is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, psychotherapy or emergency care. Examples are illustrative. People and cultures understand trauma in different ways; use what is relevant and leave what is not.
Evidence status: established and supported concepts are presented alongside clearly identified clinical frameworks and areas where knowledge continues to evolve.
Review date: August 2026. Review at least annually or sooner if major guidance changes.
Selected sources and further reading
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American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR).
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Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Cultural safety in health care for Indigenous Australians; Indigenous Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Clearinghouse resources.
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Blue Knot Foundation. Practice guidelines and public resources for complex trauma and trauma-informed care.
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Government of Canada, Public Health Agency of Canada. Trauma- and violence-informed approaches to policy and practice.
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International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies. PTSD Prevention and Treatment Guidelines.
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National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Post-traumatic stress disorder: NICE Guideline NG116.
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New Zealand Ministry of Health—Manatū Hauora. Māori health models, including Te Whare Tapa Whā.
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Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Trauma-informed approaches and guiding principles.
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U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, National Center for PTSD. PTSD, moral injury, grief and treatment resources.
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VA/DoD. Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder (2023).
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World Health Organization. mhGAP guidance; mental health in emergencies; psychological first aid and trauma-related guidance.
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World Health Organization. International Classification of Diseases, Eleventh Revision (ICD-11).
A Gentler Starting Point
You do not need to tell your whole story, remember every detail or complete this guide in one sitting.
Read only what feels useful. Pause, skip or return later.
You remain in charge of your pace.
▶ Who is this guide for?
This guide is for adults learning about trauma in themselves or someone they care about. It offers education — not diagnosis, individualized treatment or a demand to revisit the past.
Guide Sections
Step 1 of 37
